• In the upper part of the intestine a small

  2022-01-27

  

  In the upper part of the intestine a small amount of conjugated BAs are reabsorbed via passive diffusion, whereas the part of BAs that escape enterohepatic circulation passes into the colon where they undergo bacterial conversions such as deconjugation, dehydroxylation or dehydrogenation, into secon

• br Materials and methods br

  2022-01-27

  

  Materials and methods Results and discussion Conclusions Acknowledgments The authors are grateful to Dr. N. Prevete for providing the human AGS shCTR and AGS shFPR2 cells. This work was supported by POR Campania FSE 2007-2013 Project CREME and Ministry of Health, Italy, RF-2011-02349269.

• The canonical tumor suppressor p has also been implicated

  2022-01-27

  

  The canonical tumor suppressor p53 has also been implicated as a transcriptional mediator of ferroptotic death (Jiang et al., 2015, Tarangelo et al., 2018, Wang et al., 2016, Xie et al., 2017). Specifically, p53 negatively regulates transcription of SLC7A11, the cystine-glutamate antiporter (Xc-) (J

• Introduction RNA splicing occurs in the nucleus when noncodi

  2022-01-27

  

  Introduction RNA splicing occurs in the nucleus when noncoding sequences (introns) are removed from the pre-mRNA transcript and coding sequences (exons) are joined to form a mature mRNA [1,2]. This reaction is catalyzed by a multiprotein complex called spliceosome. The spliceosome consists of five

• br Introduction br The histaminergic system in

  2022-01-27

  

  Introduction The histaminergic system in the central nervous system The 4-ethylphenyl sulfate synthesis is continually processing information through aminergic systems present in the mammalian CNS such as the serotonergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic and histaminergic systems which function by

• To prevent toxicity of free hemoglobin as well as its

  2022-01-27

  

  To prevent toxicity of free hemoglobin as well as its degradation metabolites heme and free iron, several scavenger proteins and degradation enzymes protect the body. Haptoglobin (Hp) is the most well described hemoglobin scavenging protein that binds free hemoglobin and transports it to macrophages

• Urinary As species monomethylated MMAV percentage might incr

  2022-01-27

  

  Urinary As species monomethylated (MMAV) percentage might increase and As species dimethylated (DMAV) percentage might decrease with increasing As exposure dosage (Lindberg et al., 2008). The limited methylation capacity associated with increased of As exposure dosage might probably explained throug

• Previous studies have shown that Cu I neurotoxicity includes

  2022-01-27

  

  Previous studies have shown that Cu(I) neurotoxicity includes induction of ROS with involvement of the NF-kB pathway and apoptosis (Butterworth, 2010) and that, in its Cu(I) state, Cu(I) alters microglia phenotype and inhibits nitric oxide release (Rossi-George et al., 2012). Cu(I) has a great affin

• Introduction GPR is a class A type of G Protein

  2022-01-27

  

  Introduction GPR119 is a class A type of G Protein coupled receptor, which is expressed primarily in pancreatic β-cells and the K and L AGK7 of the gastrointestinal tract [1], [2], [3]. Activation of GPR119 promotes secretion of incretins such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the intestinal tr

• The biological activity at GPR a of each of

  2022-01-27

  

  The biological activity at GPR109a of each of the 4-functionalized-5-alkyl-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acids (–) was measured using a cAMP whole cell Dynamic2 Homogenous Time-Resolved Fluorescence (HTRF) assay (). Twelve compounds were found to exhibit an EC below 1μM, and of these seven exhibited EC valu

• br Material and methods br Results Consistent with our previ

  2022-01-27

  

  Material and methods Results Consistent with our previous study, SR-SIM and confocal microscopy showed a large number of IBA1-expressing Riluzole receptor in all parts of the human cochleae (Fig. 1). IBA1, the microglial and macrophage-specific calcium-binding protein, is involved in the memb

• The HRTOF MS of showed a

  2022-01-27

  

  The HRTOF-MS of showed a quasi-molecular ion peak at / 525.3044 [M+Na], corresponding to a quasi-molecular formula of CHNONa (Calcd for CHNONa: 525.3053). IR absorptions at 1680 and 1522cm suggested the presence of amide functions. Based on an analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, the presence of one

• br Materials and methods br

  2022-01-27

  

  Materials and methods Results Discussion Quercetin is a relatively abundant bioactive flavonoid with a wide variety of documented physiological effects, which has gained popularity as a nutritional supplement [40]. There is increasing interest in quercetin's anticancer properties (for recen

• Active compounds and were further tested and EC and

  2022-01-27

  

  Active compounds , , and were further tested and EC and pEC values were determined as shown in . Compound showed EC of 0.97μM (pEC 6.01) with 84.5% maximal response, which suggests that introduction of alkyl chain on aromatic nucleus of , resulted in improved GPR40 agonistic activity than that of (E

• L Family Leguminosae widely distributed in tropical

  2022-01-26

  

  L. (Family Leguminosae) widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. As a medicinal and edible plant, it is widely used in Asia, especially in China, Korea, Japan and India. It was first recorded in Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (神农本草经), and was described having the effect of cleari

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